This is generally interpreted by the courts as a life-threatening risk, such as suicide or a recent suicide attempt. However, it can also include other self-harming behaviors, with or without intent to die, such as cutting or engaging in actions that put the person at risk of serios injury. 

A person is considered gravely disabled when, due to a mental health condition, they are unable to provide for their own food, clothing or shelter. 

Courts will often determine that someone is not gravely disabled if they have family or friends who are willing and able to provide those basic needs. This means that offers of support, like a place to live or someone to provide care, can affect whether a person is held for further treatment.

If you're unsure about your ability to provide safe care, it's important to have a family discussion to decide whether bringing your loved one home is the right and safe option.  

Note: Starting January 1, 2026, Senate Bill 43 will expand the definition of grave disability to include additional criteria such as the inability to maintain personal safety or access necessary medical care. 

In 2024, Senate Bill 43 (SB 43) updated the legal definition of grave disability under California Law.   The revised definition expands the criteria for adults to include:

• "Severe Substance Use Disorder"
• "Inability to Maintain Personal Safety"
• "Inability to Access or Accept Necessary Medical Care"

It is important to know that these changes will take effect on January 1, 2026 and do not apply to minors.